Bottom Line Up Front (BLUF)
Weight management and/or weight loss paired with consistent strength training at moderate intensity remains the most effective method in reducing arthritic knee symptoms. Warm water therapy and exercise, mineral baths, and balance training disciplines are simple but effective methods to improving symptoms. Specialized techniques that would require trained professional assistance such as ultrasound therapy and extracorporeal shockwave therapy may also provide improvements.
Introduction
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a debilitating condition that causes pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, affecting millions worldwide. In the tactical and mountain athlete communities, osteoarthritis is widespread due to the nature of the respective jobs and pursuits. While over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) such as ibuprofen can provide short-term relief, they may disrupt your gut health and become less effective over time. The cited meta-analysis reviewed 61 academic studies and clinical trials on various non-invasive arthritis treatment options and developed a grading system based on effectiveness.
It should be noted that the reviewed literature samples had a wide variety of age and KOA severity. Additionally, the measurement of pain is inherently tricky due to individual tolerances. Regardless, the grading system outlined below is an effective guideline for those of us with arthritic symptoms.
Interventions, Rankings, and Grading
The table below ranks the interventions based on their effectiveness for pain relief, functional improvement, and overall quality of life (QOL). Each intervention includes a grade rating for evidence quality:
- A: Strong recommendation, high-quality evidence
- B: Moderate recommendation, moderate-quality evidence
- C: Weak recommendation, low-quality evidence
Bibliography
- Ferreira, R. M., Martins, P. N., & Gonçalves, R. S. (2024). Non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions to manage patients with knee osteoarthritis: An umbrella review 5-year update. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open, 6(1). Link.